12(R)-HETE is a CYP -dependent arachidonic acid metabolite that acts as a proinflammatory lipid mediator. 12 (R)-HETE widely exists in various tissues including the eye, skin and liver. In the cornea, 12(R)-HETE is metabolized via pathways such as β-oxidation into the precursor of 12(R)-HETrE. Without direct receptor binding, 12(R)-HETE indirectly activates AHR -mediated target gene transcription, while inhibiting the enzymatic activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and the intracellular calcium elevation induced by TP agonists. 12(R)-HETE also possesses multiple physiological effects such as chemotaxis, proangiogenesis, vasodilation, natriuresis, diuresis and intraocular pressure reduction, and can be widely used in studies related to psoriasis, inflammatory skin diseases and ocular inflammation.
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