(±)-Carnitine (DL-Carnitine) is an orally effective racemic mixture of L-Carnitine ( HY-B0399 ) and D-Carnitine. (±)-Carnitine elevates the mitochondrial NAD + /NADH ratio in the presence of 1,3-butanediol ( HY-77490A ). (±)-Carnitine does not increase glucose and urea production from L-glutamine, but stimulates propionate gluconeogenesis in rat renal cortical slices, and significantly reduces hepatic ketone body levels in rats fed a diet containing 30% high fat plus 20% 1,3-butanediol.
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