Parthenin is a pseudoguaianolide-type sesquiterpene lactone present in Parthenium hysterophorus L. Parthenin induces chromosomal aberrations, mainly chromatid breaks, in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Parthenin exhibits toxicity against Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli strains, with reduced toxicity in the presence of a metabolic activation system (S9). Parthenin acts as an antifeedant against the 6th instar larvae of the tobacco cutworm ( Spodoptera litura ). Parthenin shows insecticidal activity against adult cowpea weevils ( Callosobruchus maculatus ). Parthenin inhibits seed germination and seedling growth of sicklepod ( Cassia tora ). Parthenin possesses nematicidal activity against the 2nd instar larvae of the southern root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita ). Parthenin serves as a research agent for studies related to cancer , malaria, amoebiasis, inflammatory diseases, and bacterial infections.
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