Methylhydroquinone is an orally active COX inhibitor with IC 50 s of 480.7 μM and 52.2 μM for ovine COX-1 and human recombinant COX-2 , respectively. Methylhydroquinone has potential DNA damaging effects: 1) inhibiting COX-1 to reduce prostaglandin synthesis and exert anti-inflammatory activity; 2) inducing DNA single-strand breaks. Methylhydroquinone exerts its effects by competitively binding to the active sites of COX-1 (such as Tyr385, Met522) and non-covalent interactions.
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