D-Phenylalanine is an atypical D-amino acid and an inhibitor of bacterial biofilm formation . D-Phenylalanine mainly replaces D-alanine (D-Ala) by incorporating into the fourth and fifth positions of bacterial peptidoglycan (PG), changing the cell wall structure, enhancing bacterial acid resistance and affecting biofilm formation. D-Phenylalanine may promote the secretion of peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) in mammals by activating the intestinal GPR109B receptor. D-Phenylalanine can inhibit the maturation of microbial biofilms and promote the release of specific hormones . It can be used for antibacterial preservation, improving the yield of probiotics in the food industry, and studying appetite regulation and blood sugar control in metabolic diseases such as diabetes.
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