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| (2S,3S,4R)-2-CARBOXY-4-ISOPROPYL-3-PYRROLIDINEACETIC ACID Basic information |
| Product Name: | (2S,3S,4R)-2-CARBOXY-4-ISOPROPYL-3-PYRROLIDINEACETIC ACID | | Synonyms: | DHK;DIHYDROKAINIC ACID;(2S,3S,4R)-2-CARBOXY-4-ISOPROPYL-3-PYRROLIDINEACETIC ACID;2-Carboxy-4-isopropyl-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid;(2S,3S,4R)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-propan-2-yl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;(2S,3S,4R)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-isopropyl-proline;(2S,3R,4R)-2-Carboxy-4-iospropyl-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid;(2S,3S,4R)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-propan-2-yl-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid | | CAS: | 52497-36-6 | | MF: | C10H17NO4 | | MW: | 215.25 | | EINECS: | | Product Categories: | Glutamate receptor;Glutamate | | Mol File: | 52497-36-6.mol |
| (2S,3S,4R)-2-CARBOXY-4-ISOPROPYL-3-PYRROLIDINEACETIC ACID Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 285 °C (decomp) | | Boiling point | 416.6±30.0 °C(Predicted) | | density | 1.187±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted) | | storage temp. | 2-8°C | | solubility | H2O: >10 mg/mL | | form | solid | | pka | 2.11±0.60(Predicted) |
| Hazard Codes | Xn | | Risk Statements | 20/21/22 | | Safety Statements | 26-36 | | WGK Germany | 3 |
| (2S,3S,4R)-2-CARBOXY-4-ISOPROPYL-3-PYRROLIDINEACETIC ACID Usage And Synthesis |
| Description | Dihydrokainic acid (DHK) is an inhibitor of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2; Ki = 23 μM for glutamate uptake by COS cells expressing EAAT2). It is selective for EEAT2 over EAAT1 and EAAT3 (Ki = >3 mM for both). DHK microinfusion (5 nmol) into the rat infralimbic cortex reduces the time spent immobile in the forced swim test, indicating antidepressant-like behavior, an effect that is blocked by the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX and the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 . It also increases glutamate and serotonin levels and the expression of c-Fos in the dorsal raphe nucleus. In contrast, DHK microinjection (6.25 nmol) into the rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) increases the latency to drink sucrose in a sucrose intake test, indicating anhedonia-like behavior. It also impairs memory acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval in mice in the novel object recognition test. | | Uses | Dihydrokainic acid has been used as a glutamate transporter (GLT-1) inhibitor in the glutamate uptake assay of astrocytes and glial cells. It may be used as a GLT-1 inhibitor in Lateral habenula (LHb). | | Biological Activity | EAAT2(GLT1)-selective non-transportable inhibitor of L-glutamate and L-aspartate uptake (K i = 23 μ M). 130-fold selective over EAAT1 and EAAT3 (K i > 3 mM). Also available as part of the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter Inhibitor Tocriset™ . | | Biochem/physiol Actions | Dihydrokainic favors neuronal cell death. It modulates anxiety and depression behaviors. |
| (2S,3S,4R)-2-CARBOXY-4-ISOPROPYL-3-PYRROLIDINEACETIC ACID Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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