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| Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) Basic information |
| Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) Chemical Properties |
| density | 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) | | refractive index | 1.4300 to 1.4380 | | Fp | 72 °F | | solubility | Greater than 10% solubility in 1,4-butanediol, glycerol,
butanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethanol (95%),
glycerol, methanol, polyethylene glycol 400, propan-2-ol,
propanol, propylene glycol, and water. Less than 1% solubility
in cyclohexane, diethyl ether, liquid paraffin, and pentane. | | form | powder | | color | White | | Stability: | Stable. Combustible, especially in powdered form. Incompatible with strong oxidising agents, strong reducing agents. | | EPA Substance Registry System | Vinyl acetate N-vinyl-pyrrolidone polymer (25086-89-9) |
| Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | white powder | | Chemical Properties | Copovidone is a white to yellowish-white amorphous powder. It is
typically spray-dried with a relatively fine particle size. It has a slight
odor and a faint taste. | | Uses | Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) | | Uses | Copovidone is a water-soluble polymer used to improve the uptake and drug loading of various pharmaceutical agents, including contraceptive patches. | | Production Methods | Copovidone is manufactured by free-radical polymerization of
vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate in a ratio of 6 : 4. The synthesis is
conducted in an organic solvent owing to the insolubility of vinyl
acetate in water. | | General Description | ～1:2.4 mole ratio of VP:VA | | Pharmaceutical Applications | Copovidone is used as a tablet binder, a film-former, and as part of
the matrix material used in controlled-release formulations. In
tableting, copovidone can be used as a binder for direct compression and as a binder in wet granulation. Copovidone is often
added to coating solutions as a film-forming agent. It provides good
adhesion, elasticity, and hardness, and can be used as a moisture
barrier. | | Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by ingestion.Combustible, especially in powdered form. Incompatiblewith strong oxidising agents, strong reducing agents. Whenheated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of NOx. | | Safety | Copovidone is used widely in pharmaceutical formulations and is
generally regarded as nontoxic. However, it is moderately toxic by
ingestion, producing gastric disturbances. It has no irritating or
sensitizing effects on the skin. A study was conducted to look at the
carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity of copovidone (Kollidon VA
64) in Wistar rats and Beagle dogs. The results of these studies
demonstrated the absence of any significant toxicological findings
of high dietary levels of copodivone in rats and dogs, resulting in noobserved-
adverse-effect levels of 2800 mg/kg body-weight/day in
rats and 2500 mg/kg body-weight/day in dogs, the highest doses
tested.
LD50 (rat, oral): >0.63 g/kg | | storage | Copovidone is stable and should be stored in a well-closed container
in a cool, dry place. | | Incompatibilities | Copovidone is compatible with most organic and inorganic
pharmaceutical ingredients. When exposed to high water levels,
copovidone may form molecular adducts with some materials; see
Crospovidone and Povidone. | | Regulatory Status | Copovidone is included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database
(oral tablets, oral film-coated tablets, sustained action). |
| Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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