| Magnesium chloride Basic information |
| General Description Uses |
| Magnesium chloride Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 714 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 1412 °C/1 atm (lit.) |
| density | 2.32 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| refractive index | n20/D 1.336 |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | H2O: soluble |
| form | powder |
| color | colorless |
| Specific Gravity | 2.41 |
| PH | 5.0-7.5 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| Water Solubility | 400 G/L (20 ºC) |
| λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03 |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Merck | 14,5662 |
| Stability: | hygroscopic |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 7786-30-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Magnesium dichloride(7786-30-3) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Magnesium chloride (7786-30-3) |
| Safety Information |
| Hazard Codes | Xi |
| Risk Statements | 36/37/38-43-36/37 |
| Safety Statements | 26-36-24/25-22-36/37-39 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | OM2800000 |
| F | 3-10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28273100 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 7786-30-3(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 2800 mg/kg |
| MSDS Information |
| Magnesium chloride Usage And Synthesis |
| General Description | Magnesium chloride,MgCI2,also known as chloromagnesite, is a colorless crystalline solid. It is soluble in water and alcohol and is used in the ceramic and textile industries. Magnesium chloride is formed by heating hydrated magnesium chloride crystals in a current of dry hydrogen chloride or by heating magnesium ammonium chloride. Hydrated magnesium chloride, MgCI2·6H20 , also known as bischophite,is a white deliquescent solid formed by the reaction of magnesium carbonate(or hydroxide,oxide or metal)and hydrogen chloride. It is used in disinfectants, fire extinguishers, and paper manufacture. magnesium chloride flakes |
| Uses | ▼ ▲
Industry
Application
Role/benefit
Chemical manufacture
Manufacturer of magnesium metal and other magnesium compounds
Source of magnesium
Road maintenance
Dust control
Moisture absorbed from the air prevents dust formation
Snow and ice control
De-icing agent/helps to prevent the ice bond on the road and to remove ice buildup from road
Medicine
Treating or preventing magnesium deficiency
Source of magnesium/helps to raise magnesium levels in the body
Food
Tofu
Coagulant agent/helps liquid forms of soy to solidify into tofu
Baby formula milk
Ingredient
Gas storage
Storage of Hydrogen Gas
Storage material/effectively absorbs ammonia which is rich in hydrogen atoms
Cement
Manufacturer of Sorel cement
Raw material/Mixed with hydrated magnesium oxide to form hard material
Others
Fire extinguishers
Effective reactant
Paper filling
Fire retardant
Textile filling
Keeps the humidity of cotton to make it soft
Fertilizer
Source of magnesium
Mineral supplement for animals
Refrigeration brine and artificial seawater
Waste water treatment
Effective ingredient
Anesthesia for cephalopods, crustaceans and bivalve
Anaesthetic
Polymerase chain reaction
Necessary for both in vivo/vitro DNA synthesis
|
| Chemical Properties | Magnesium is an essential nutrient for plants and animals and is a natural constituent of fruits, vegetables, grain, meats and sea-foods. It is the fourth most abundant cation in the human body and the second most plentiful intracellularly. The average 60-kg human adult body contains about 24 g magnesium of which about one-half resides in bone. Although plasma levels vary between 1.7 and 3.0 mg per dl, very little is contained in extracellular fluid. Magnesium is essential for the production and transfer of energy, for protein, fat, and nucleic acid synthesis, for contractility in muscle and excitability in nerve, and for the activity of numerous enzyme systems. |
| Occurrence | MgCl2, is one of the primary constituents of seawater and occurs in most natural brines and salt deposits formed from the evaporation of seawater. |
| Uses | An excellent magnesium ion source for synthesis and biology research |
| Uses | Magnesium Chloride is a source of magnesium, a color-retention agent, and firming agent. it exists as colorless flakes or crystals and is very soluble in water. |
| Uses | Magnesium chloride is used for a variety of other applications besides the production of Mg metal. It is used in the manufacture of textiles, paper, fireproofing agents, cements and refrigeration brine. It has also been used in dust and erosion control. Mixed with hydrated magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride forms a hard material called “Sorel-cement”. The cement is a mixture of MgO (burnt magnesia) with MgCl2 with the approximate chemical formula Mg4Cl2(OH)6(H2O)8, corresponding to a weight ratio of 2.5–3.5 parts MgO to one part MgCl2. This usage of magnesium chloride is unmatched by any other compound. MgCl2 was one of the earlier antiseptics, first used for that purpose by Dr Pierre Delbert in 1915. One veterinary study in 1989 indicated some effectiveness against tumors when used as a feed additive. A commercial form of liquid MgCl2 called DustGard Liquid is used to control dust on unpaved roads, construction sites and similar surfaces. Because it is produced from naturally occurring minerals, it improves air quality and visibility with minimal environmental impact. It also decreases vehicle maintenance costs, prevents soil erosion and reduces the need for blading, watering and gravel replacement. Magnesium chloride is also used in several medical and topical (skin-related) applications. It has been used in pills as supplemental sources of magnesium, where it serves as a soluble compound which is not as laxative as MgSO4, and more bio-available than Mg(OH)2 and MgO, since it does not require stomach acid to produce soluble Mg2+ ion. It can also be used as an effective anesthetic for cephalopods, some species of crustaceans, and several species of bivalves, including oysters. Magnesium chloride is an important coagulant used in the preparation of “tofu” from soy milk. In Japan, it is sold as “Nigari”, (derived from the Japanese word for “bitter"). It is a white powder produced from seawater after the sodium chloride has been removed, and the water evaporated. In China, it is called "Lushui”,Nigari or Lushui and consists mostly of magnesium chloride, with some MgSO4 and other trace elements. It is also an ingredient in baby formula milk. Magnesium chloride has shown promise as a storage material for hydrogen gas. Ammonia can be effectively adsorbed onto solid magnesium chloride, forming Mg(NH3)6Cl2. When the ammonia is released by mild heat, and is then passed through a catalyst, hydrogen gas is retrieved. |
| Definition | magnesium chloride: A white solid compound, MgCl2. The anhydrous salt (hexagonal; r.d. 2.32; m.p.714°C; b.p. 1412°C) can be prepared by the direct combination of dry chlorine with magnesium: Mg(s) + Cl2(g) → MgCl2(s) The compound also occurs naturally as a constituent of carnallite(KCl.MgCl2). It is a deliquescent compound that commonly forms the hexahydrate, MgCl2.6H2O (monoclinic;r.d. 1.57). When heated, this hydrolyses to give magnesium oxide and hydrogen chloride gas. The fused chloride is electrolysed to produce magnesium and it is also used for fireproofing wood, in magnesia cements and artificial leather, and as a laxative. |
| Definition | ChEBI: Magnesium chloride is a magnesium salt comprising of two chlorine atoms bound to a magnesium atom. |
| Preparation | In the “Dow Process” (which is the electrolytic method of extracting bromine from brine), magnesium chloride is regenerated from magnesium hydroxide by hydrochloric acid: Mg(OH)2(s)＋2HCl→MgCl2(aq)＋2H2O It can also be prepared from MgCO3 by a similar reaction. Magnesium chloride is ionic and so will undergo electrolysis when it is molten. Electricity is carried by the movement of the ions within the melt and their discharge at the electrodes. However, solid magnesium chloride is a nonconductor of electricity because the ions are immobile. |
| General Description | Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is an inorganic compound that can be prepared by reacting magnesium oxide and ammonium chloride in the presence of alumina as a covering agent. |
| Hazard | Toxic by ingestion. |
| Flammability and Explosibility | Nonflammable |
| Magnesium chloride Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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