PV-DPD-19 is an autoinducer-2 ( AI-2 ) quorum sensing inhibitor. PV-DPD-19 reduces AI-2 production and inhibits the expression of multiple MSCRAMM s. In co-culture systems with Staphylococcus aureus , PV-DPD-19 decreases the production of pyocyanin and Elastase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa . PV-DPD-19 impairs the adhesion ability of Staphylococcus aureus to lung epithelial cells. PV-DPD-19 inhibits biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( MBIC 50 = 27 μg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus ( MBIC 50 = 35 μg/mL). PV-DPD-19 shows no cytotoxicity in both in vitro lung epithelial cell models and in vivo Galleria mellonella larva models.
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