LYPLAL1-IN-1 (compound 11) is a selective, covalent, and irreversible inhibitor of the lysophospholipase-like enzyme LYPLAL1 (IC 50 = 6 nM). LYPLAL1-IN-1 shows selectivity against other serine hydrolases such as carboxylesterase CES1 (IC 50 > 50 μM for CES1 ). LYPLAL1-IN-1 inhibits the depalmitoylation function of LYPLAL1, blocking its depalmitoylation modification of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), thereby promoting cGAS dimerization and activation, and initiating the cGAS-STING pathway-mediated innate immune response. LYPLAL1-IN-1 can enhance DNA-induced type I interferon production, upregulate PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, and promote the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells, with the core function of strengthening the anti-tumor immune response. LYPLAL1-IN-1 is primarily used in tumor immunology research, especially in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
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