Collismycin A is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces that has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial , antiproliferative, and neuroprotective properties. It is active against a variety of bacteria (MICs=6.25 and 100 μg/mL) and fungi (MICs=12.5-100 μg/mL). It inhibits proliferation of A549 lung, HCT116 colon, and HeLa cervical cancer cells ( IC 50 s=0.3, 0.6, and 0.3 μM, respectively) and NIH373 fibroblasts ( IC 50 =56.6 μM) but not MDA-MD-231 breast cancer cells ( IC 50 =>100 μM). Collismycin A forms a complex with Fe(II) and Fe(III) at a 2:1 ratio, and the addition of iron ions inhibits the antiproliferative effect of collismycin A on HeLa cells, an effect that does not occur with the addition of zinc, manganese, copper, or magnesium ions.3 Collismycin A (1 μM) prevents apoptosis in the brain region of zebrafish larvae in a model of neuronal cell death induced by all-trans retinoic acid.
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