Adenophostin A is an IP 3 receptor ( inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors ) modulator and Ca 2+ releaser, with an IC 50 of 1.3 nM, an EC 50 of 1.4 nM, and a K i of 0.18 nM in rats, and an IC 50 of 0.95 nM in humans. Adenophostin A activates IP 3 receptors, stimulates Ca 2+ release from intracellular stores and microsomes, inhibits the binding of [ 3 H]IP 3 to plasma membrane receptors, and activates chloride channels. Adenophostin A resists phosphorylation and dephosphorylation by IP 3 metabolic enzymes to maintain its activity, and increases cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ] levels via calcium mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum of vascular smooth muscle cells. Adenophostin A is applicable to research related to hemorrhagic shock.
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