Hydrastine ((-)-β-Hydrastine; (1R,9S)-β-Hydrastine) is a selective competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) , inhibiting dopamine biosynthesis (IC 50 =20.7 μM, PC12 cells). Hydrastine also inhibits the organic cation transporter OCT1 ( IC 50 =6.6 μM). Hydrastine may cause neuronal toxicity through mitochondrial dysfunction rather than oxidative stress damage, and can aggravate cell apoptosis when combined with L-DOPA. Hydrastine can be used to study Parkinson's disease-related dopaminergic neuronal damage.
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