Phlorizin (Floridzin) is an orally active non-selective sodium-glucose cotransporter ( SGLT ) inhibitor, with an IC 50 of 0.04 μM and a K i of 39 nM against hSGLT2 , and an IC 50 of 0.17 μM and a K i of 0.31 μM against hSGLT1 . Phlorizin promotes GLUT4 translocation, inhibits gluconeogenesis and promotes glycogen synthesis by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Phlorizin reduces DNA damage and apoptosis ( apoptosis ) by inhibiting the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. Phlorizin induces apoptosis via activating the Caspase pathway by antagonizing the JAK/STAT3 and PCK pathways. Phlorizin also exhibits antibacterial , anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities.
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