β-S-ARCA (3'-O-Me-m7G(5')ppp(5')G) is a mRNA 7-methylguanosine (m7G) cap analog carrying a phosphorothioate (PS) moiety. β-S-ARCA binds eIF4E via electrostatic interactions between its β-sulfur atom and positively charged Arg and Lys residues in the protein binding site. β-S-ARCA prevents the decapping by Dcp2, increases the mRNA half-life, enhances cap-dependent translation, and increases protein expression in cells. β-S-ARCA has been applied in researching experimental mRNA-based anticancer vaccines.
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