Articaine (Hoe-045) hydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels (such as rNav1.4 , hNav1.7 , and rNav1.8 ), with an IC 50 of 15.8 μM for open-state Na + channels, and IC 50 of 40.6 μM and 378 μM for inactivated and resting-state Na + channels, respectively. Articaine hydrochloride exerts local anesthetic activity by inhibiting Na + influx to block nerve impulse conduction, and can also inhibit NF-κB activation and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory function. Articaine hydrochloride can be used in the study of dental local anesthesia and inflammatory-related diseases (such as acute kidney injury).
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